Basic Sciences
SALIENT FEATURES
New to this Edition: Part I (Bryophyta) has been updated and written in a monographic style describing recent classification and including most of the Indian genera that are prescribed in various universities at different levels. Special attention has been made to account for their phylogeny and relationship. Parameters of general discussion have been so elaborated as to enhance the coverage of the subject including experimental studies. Part II (Pteridophyta) introduces a comprehensive but necessarily superficial survey of wide field in Pteridophyta, both living and extinct, proceeding from simple to complex. Classification of Pteridophyta has been updated and expanded. Some new topics are: Transition from an aquatic to terrestrial mode of life; ecology, diversity, economic importance and geographical distribution of Pteridophytes. Part III (Gymnosperms) has been thoroughly revised and updated. In chapter General Discussion, the topic “Economic Importance of Gymnosperms has been expanded in the light of latest information on the subject. Part IV (Palaeobotany) has been considerably modified and enlarged, and has been infused with modern approach of geological time scale.
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Part I: Coordination Chemistry l Basic concepts of coordination chemistr l Nomenclature of coordination compounds l Werner's Theory of Coordination compounds and Effective Atomic Number l Isomerism in Coordination Compounds l Nature of Metal-Ligand Bonding In Complex Compound lPart II: Transition Metals (d-Block Elements) and Their compounds l General Characteristics of Transition Metals: d-Block Elements l Group-wise Study of the General Properties of Transition Elements (d-Block l Occurrence, Extraction, Properties and Uses of Some Transition Metals l Important Compounds of Transition Metals l Compounds of lanthanum l Compounds of titanium l Compounds of vanadium: Vanady chloride (VOCl2) l Compounds of chromium l Compounds of tungstenlCompounds of manganese l Compounds of iron l Compounds of osmium l Compounds of cobalt l Compounds of palladium l Compounds of platinum l Compounds of copper l Compounds of gold l Compounds of zinc l Part III: Inner-transition Elements and their compounds General Characteristics of Inner-transition Elements lLanthanides l Actinides l Extraction, Properties and Uses of Some Inner-transition Metals l Important compounds of Inner-transition Elements lPart IV: Miscellaneous Topics l Transition Metal complexes with carbon Monoxide: Metallic carbonyls l Complex compounds containing NO+ or/ and NO- Ions as Ligands: Metallic Nitrosyl l Pollution and Its Adverse Effects l Organo-metallic compounds l Chromatograph lUses of Organic and Inorganic Reagents in Inorganic Analysis l Role of Metal Ions in Biological SystemslNon-aqueous solvents
At a time when U.S. high school students are producing low scores in mathematics and science on international examinations, a thorough grounding in physical chemistry should not be considered optional for science undergraduates. Based on the author’s thirty years of teaching, Essentials of Physical Chemistry merges coverage of calculus with chemistry and molecular physics in a friendly yet thorough manner. Reflecting the latest ACS guidelines, the book can be used as a one or two semester course, and includes special topics suitable for senior projects.
The book begins with a math and physics review to ensure all students start on the same level, and then discusses the basics of thermodynamics and kinetics with mathematics tuned to a level that stretches students’ abilities. It then provides material for an optional second semester course that shows students how to apply their enhanced mathematical skills in a brief historical development of the quantum mechanics of molecules. Emphasizing spectroscopy, the text is built on a foundation of quantum chemistry and more mathematical detail and examples. It contains sample classroom-tested exams to gauge how well students know how to use relevant formulas and to display successful understanding of key concepts.
This textbook offers a comprehensive and wide-ranging introduction to theoretical principles and practical aspects of refrigeration and air conditioning systems. Written by an outstanding teacher with 30 years of distinguished career at the Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, this work created by late Dr. R.C. Arora (1945–2005) is intended to lead students to a deeper understanding and a firm grasp of the basic principles of this fast-growing and exciting subject area. This text is ideally suited for undergraduate education in mechanical engineering programmes and specialized postgraduate education in thermosciences. The book is designed to typically appeal to those who like a more rigorous presentation.
The text begins by reviewing, in a simple and precise manner, the physical principles of three pillars of Refrigeration and Air Conditioning, namely thermodynamics, heat transfer, and fluid mechanics. Following an overview of the history of refrigeration, subsequent chapters provide exhaustive coverage of the principles, applications and design of several types of refrigeration systems and their associated components such as compressors, condensers, evaporators, and expansion devices. Refrigerants too, are studied elaboratively in an exclusive chapter.
The second part of the book, beginning with the historical background of air conditioning in Chapter 15, discusses the subject of psychrometrics being at the heart of understanding the design and implementation of air conditioning processes and systems, which are subsequently dealt with in Chapters 16 to 23. It also explains the design practices followed for cooling and heating load calculations.
Each chapter contains several worked-out examples that clarify the material discussed and illustrate the use of basic principles in engineering applications. Each chapter also ends with a set of few review questions to serve as revision of the material learned.
Contents:
contents
Preface • Acknowledgements
1 HISTORY OF REFRIGERATION
2 THERMAL PRINCIPLES—A REVIEW OF FUNDAMENTALS
3 MECHANICAL VAPOUR COMPRESSION CYCLES
4 COMPRESSORS
5 PERFORMANCE OF SINGLE STAGE SATURATION CYCLE WITH RECIPROCATING COMPRESSOR
6 MULTISTAGE REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS
7 ABSORPTION REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS
8 REFRIGERANTS
9 EXPANSION VALVES
10 CONDENSERS
11 EVAPORATORS
12 COMPLETE VAPOUR COMPRESSION SYSTEM
13 GAS CYCLE REFRIGERATION
14 WATER—STEAM EJECTOR—REFRIGERATION SYSTEM AND THERMOELECTRIC REFRIGERATION SYSTEM
15 AIR CONDITIONING
16 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF MOIST AIR
17 ELEMENTARY PSYCHROMETRIC PROCESSES
18 WETTED SURFACE HEAT TRANSFER—PSYCHROMETER, STRAIGHT LINE LAW AND PSYCHROMETRY OF AIR CONDITIONING PROCESSES
19 COMFORT—PHYSIOLOGICAL PRINCIPLES, IAQ AND DESIGN CONDITIONS
20 SOLAR RADIATION
21 LOAD CALCULATIONS
22 ROOM AIRFLOW AND DUCT DESIGN
23. FANS
Volume I includes recent classification, structure, reproduction, phylogeny, evolution, economic importance and general discussions on important topics of these branches incorporating recent studies.
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CONTENTS
PART ONE: PLANT ANATOMY, 1.The Plant Body, 2.The Cell, 3.Cell Cycle and Cell Division, 4.Meristematic Tissues, 5.Permanent Tissues, 6.Tissue System, 7.The Stem-Primary Structure, 8.The Root-Primary Structure, 9.The Leaf, 10.Secondary Growth, 11.Abscission and Healing of Wounds, 12.Anomalous Secondary Growth, 13.Nodal Anatomy, 14.Anatomy of Floral Parts, 15.Fruit Wall and Seed Coat, 16.Ecological Anatomy, 17.Systematic Plant Anatomy, PART TWO: ECONOMIC BOTANY, 18.Introduction (Importance of Plants), 19.Cereals and Millets, 20.Lengumes and Nuts, 21.Vegetables, 22. Fruits, 23.Spices and Condiments, 24.Fibres, 25.Wood and Wood Products, 26.Fatty Oils and Vegetable Oils, 27.Essential Oils, 28.Papers and Pulps, 29.Sugars and Starches, 30.Beverages, 31.Tannins and Dyes, 32.Rubber and Latex, 33.Gums abd Resins, 34.Fumitories and Masticatories, 35.Medicinal Plants
- Ozone depletion, greenhouse effect, alternate environment-friendly refrigerants such as Tetrafluoroethane, Propane, Isobutane,and associated lubricants.
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Detailed discussions on contemporary topics such as
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Indoor Air Quality (IAQ)
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Electronic expansion valve
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Ozone treatment of cooling tower water
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- Frost free refrigerators.
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Revised chapters on
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Controls which now includes Microprocessor-based control
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Hermetic (sealed) compressor unit.
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- Thermodynamic tables of select alternate refrigerants.
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Hermetic (sealed) compressor unit.
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Controls which now includes Microprocessor-based control
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Ozone treatment of cooling tower water
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Electronic expansion valve
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Indoor Air Quality (IAQ)
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